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Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports | Volume-13 | Issue-10
Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Profiles of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma at the Mohammed VI University Hospital from 2020 to 2025
T. D. Aroni, A. D. Diawara, G. Motsatsa, S. Latitioui, M. Saadoune, S. Barkiche, N. Oumghar, M. Darfaoui, A. Elomrani1, M. Khouchani
Published: Oct. 6, 2025 |
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40
Pages: 2227-2231
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Abstract
Introduction: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is a rare, highly aggressive, and undifferentiated thyroid tumor, accounting for approximately 2% of all malignant thyroid neoplasms. Its prognosis is poor, with a median survival of around 4 months. Objective: The aim of this study was to report the clinical characteristics and to discuss the therapeutic modalities in patients treated for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 10 cases of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma treated between January 2020 and January 2025 in the Oncology-Radiotherapy Department of Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech. Results: The mean age of patients was 66.1 years, with a female predominance (sex ratio 4:1). The main reason for consultation was the appearance of a rapidly enlarging anterior cervical mass, associated with dyspnoea in 80% of cases. At diagnosis, 50% of patients were at stage IV-B, with locoregional invasion involving the trachea in 90% of cases. Metastatic disease was present in 40% of patients, 80% of which were pulmonary. Total thyroidectomy with bilateral lymph node dissection was performed in 60% of cases, combined with tracheotomy in 40%. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered in 60% of cases, with concomitant radiotherapy in 30%. The most frequently used protocol was paclitaxel–carboplatin (30% of cases). Decompressive radiotherapy was delivered in 40% of cases. The mean overall survival was estimated at 5.7 months. Conclusion: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is a rare and highly aggressive thyroid malignancy with a dismal prognosis. Early diagnosis and multimodal management are essential to improving patient survival.