DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjahss.2025.v13i10.005

Pages: 402-406

Radicalization within prisons is a growing global security concern, particularly among high-risk inmates vulnerable to extremist ideologies. In Kenya, prisons have increasingly become focal points for terrorist gang recruitment and activity, threatening both prison rehabilitation efforts and national security. This study investigated the role of surveillance technology in countering radicalization within Kenyan prisons, with specific objectives to assess its effectiveness, explore mechanisms for improving its utility, and identify associated challenges. Grounded in routine activity theory and rational choice theory, the study employed a descriptive survey design. Data collection involved questionnaires and key informant interviews targeting 306 prisoners and 21 surveillance officers respectively. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics while qualitative data were analyzed thematically and presented using quotes and verbatim narratives. The study revealed that surveillance technology has enhanced security and curbed terrorist-related activities in prisons, although its influence on policy was debated. Training and smartphone use were deemed essential for maximizing effectiveness. However, concerns about privacy, vandalism, and limited coverage remain challenges. The study recommends expanding training for officers to boost technical capacity and enhance the strategic use of surveillance tools in counter-radicalization efforts within the prison system.