DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjams.2024.v12i12.039

Pages: 1935-1941

Background: Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are two of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases that often coexist, amplifying the risk of cardiovascular, renal, and other systemic complications. Despite their high prevalence in Bangladesh, limited data exist on the clinical outcomes of diabetic hypertensive patients in this population. Aim of the study: To evaluate the prevalence of diabetes and its associated complications among hypertensive patients in Bangladesh and identify significant predictors of diabetes in this high-risk group. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 145 hypertensive adults aged ≥30 years attending the outpatient Department of Medicine, Jashore Medical College, Jashore, Bangladesh. Sociodemographic data, clinical characteristics, and biochemical parameters were collected using structured questionnaires and medical records. Diabetes was diagnosed using American Diabetes Association (ADA) 2024 criteria. Complications were assessed clinically and through relevant investigations. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0, with logistic regression applied to determine independent predictors of diabetes. Result: Among hypertensive patients, 66.2% were diabetic, 13.8% pre-diabetic, and 20% non-diabetic. Overweight (64.8%), male gender (60%), and smoking (66.9%) were highly prevalent. Cardiovascular disease (34.4%), peripheral neuropathy (30.2%), and retinopathy (27.1%) were the most common complications, while 65.6% of diabetics had at least one complication. Poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥9%) was significantly associated with higher complication rates (p < 0.001). Independent predictors of diabetes included age >50 years (AOR 2.32, p=0.027), overweight (AOR 3.08, p=0.008), smoking (AOR 2.85, p=0.013), and positive family history of diabetes (AOR 5.01, p=0.047). Conclusion: Diabetes is highly prevalent among hypertensive patients in Bangladesh, with a considerable burden of complications.