DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjams.2025.v13i12.007

Pages: 1996-2000

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force across medicine, with surgery representing one of its most promising frontiers. From pre-operative planning to intra-operative guidance and post-operative outcome prediction, AI systems are redefining the surgeon’s role and clinical decision-making process. This review explores the current applications, ethical implications, and future potential of AI in surgical decision-making. The discussion spans risk stratification, image-based diagnostics, intra-operative decision support, robotic autonomy, and post-operative analytics. Emphasis is placed on machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and computer vision (CV) algorithms that enable predictive modelling, surgical navigation, and autonomous action. While challenges persist regarding data bias, algorithm transparency, and medico-legal accountability, integration of AI promises to enhance precision, safety, and personalized surgical care.