DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2016.v04i05.088

Pages: 1869-1876

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is an increasingly common metabolic disorder affecting pregnant women worldwide. Its presence during pregnancy is associated with a spectrum of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes due to chronic hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and associated comorbidities. Early identification and control of T2DM in pregnant women play a significant role in improving obstetric outcomes. Given the rising prevalence of diabetes in India, especially in semi-urban settings, understanding pregnancy outcomes among women with T2DM is crucial for guiding evidence-based clinical care. Aim: This prospective hospital-based study aimed to evaluate the influence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on pregnancy outcomes among women attending the Department of Medicine, Fathima Institute of Medical Sciences, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh. The study analyzed maternal complications, fetal outcomes, delivery patterns, and neonatal health indicators during the research period from May 2015 to April 2016. Methods: A total of 510 pregnant women diagnosed with T2DM were followed throughout pregnancy until delivery. All participants were evaluated using structured clinical examinations, laboratory investigations, and standardized obstetric assessments. Data were collected on maternal characteristics, glycemic control, obstetric complications, mode of delivery, and neonatal outcomes. Statistical analysis included descriptive and inferential methods to determine associations between T2DM and pregnancy outcomes, adhering to accepted methodological frameworks. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus significantly influences maternal and fetal outcomes, contributing to higher rates of cesarean delivery, preterm birth, hypertensive disorders, and neonatal complications such as macrosomia and neonatal hypoglycemia. Strengthening screening programs, optimizing glycemic management, and integrating multidisciplinary care pathways may substantially improve out