DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjahss.2026.v14i02.002

Pages: 35-37

Intergovernmental relations (IGR) constitute a central mechanism through which federal systems operate, influencing governance efficiency, policy coordination, and development outcomes. Nigeria’s federal structure constitutionally recognizes three tiers of government federal, state, and local each with assigned functions and responsibilities. Despite this arrangement, Nigeria’s intergovernmental relations are characterized by persistent tensions, fiscal dependence, constitutional ambiguities, and political interference. This study critically examines the nature, structures, and challenges of intergovernmental relations in Nigeria, focusing on federal–state–local government interactions. Using a qualitative analytical approach based on constitutional analysis, institutional review, and secondary literature, the paper finds that Nigeria’s IGR system remains largely centralized, undermining sub-national autonomy and effective service delivery. The study argues that strengthening cooperative federalism through constitutional reforms, fiscal decentralization, and institutional capacity building is essential for improving governance and development outcomes in Nigeria.