DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjmcr.2025.v13i12.041

Pages: 3062-3068

Haemorrhoids can be described as an enlarged tissue in the anal canal which contains blood vessels and surrounding supporting tissue, consisting of muscles and elastic fibers. The broad objective of this study was to determine the history, symptoms, and actively manage haemorrhoids in a patient. This study utilized a qualitative research design (case study). The sampling technique was purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through primary (interview, observation) and secondary (Documentation) sources. On admission the patient was restless and apprehensive with facial masked pain with pain rating scale of 3. Vital signs: BP – 120/80mmHg, Pulse – 90b/m, Respiration- 18c/m, Temperature 37.2 SpO2-96, blood sugar level 6.5mmol/L. weight 60kg and Heart sound - S1, S2 heard. Anal examination reveled presence of redundant tissue, anoderm and a normal anal wink with stimulation confirms intact sensation. past history reviewed the patient avoids travelling and socialization due to pain experienced in prolonged settings and uncertainty of the situation in case of defecation. Other symptoms experienced by the patient include Mass around anal area, blood in stools, hard stools, Itching around anus and anxiety. Literature findings reveled that patients with haemorrhoids experience pain, especially during bowel movements, which consequently lead to delay in defecation, and delay in bowel movement causes constipation. The strain as a result of the constipation in the anal region increases pressure on the lower rectum and anus. This is termed haemorrhoid vicious cycle. The study concluded that haemorrhoids can be prevented and managed through lifestyle changes as lifestyle modification is crucial in managing haemorrhoids and conservative therapy should be considered first-line treatment for symptomatic haemorrhoids. This includes increased dietary fibre, stool softeners, and copious fluid intake.