DOI: 10.36347/sjet.2021.v09i11.008

Pages: 280-290

Remote patient monitoring has become a practical engineering approach for extending basic healthcare supervision beyond clinical settings, particularly for elderly individuals and patients with chronic conditions who may require frequent observation. Despite significant progress in IoT-based healthcare monitoring, a persistent gap remains between (i) low-cost sensor acquisition prototypes that primarily demonstrate data logging and (ii) deployable incident-oriented systems that emphasize timely alerts, robust connectivity, and clear integration of heterogeneous sensors without reliance on data-hungry predictive modeling. This paper presents the design and prototype implementation of an IoT-based Health Incident Monitoring System (HIMS) that integrates multi-parameter physiological sensing and context sensing, performs on-device rule-based incident detection, and provides real-time alerting through both cloud and Short Message Service (SMS) mechanisms. The prototype is built around an Arduino-based microcontroller and integrates an ECG front-end, pulse rate and SpO₂ sensor, cuff-based blood pressure subsystem, digital body temperature sensor, MPU6050 inertial sensor for fall detection, and an air-quality/toxic-gas sensor. Connectivity is provided through a GSM/GPRS module enabling (a) periodic telemetry uploads to a cloud data store and (b) immediate SMS alerts for critical incidents. The incident detection method is threshold-based, using standard physiological limits (temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, SpO₂) and a fall event logic derived from inertial measurements. The prototype is validated under controlled testing conditions using a combination of laboratory instrumentation, simulated events (fall scenarios), and repeated connectivity trials. Results indicate second-scale end-to-end alert latency under controlled GSM coverage conditions, with high functional reliability for incident classification within the scope of simulated testing. The paper emphasizes