DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjmcr.2026.v14i03.050

Pages: 521-527

The global prevalence of anemia affects approximately 33% of the world's population, equivalent to more than 2 billion people, and is more common in women and children. Years of life lost due to anemia could not be calculated because mortality could not be attributed to anemia; however, improvements in the treatment of hemoglobin disorders have decreased mortality rates among affected children under 5 years of age. (17) Other studies indicate that anemia worsens the prognosis of patients presenting to the emergency department. Among 99 patients with anemia, 36.37% were hospitalized for clinical reasons. Furthermore, anemia in critically ill patients was associated with increased mortality, longer hospital stays, and a greater need for red blood cell transfusions. Objective: To quantify the differences between anemia subtypes in all-cause in-hospital mortality, and length of hospital stay using bivariate analyses. Method: This retrospective, cross-sectional/cohort observational study used routinely collected hospital discharge data (2019–2025) from University Hospital, a tertiary care referral. Results: This study included 5,332 patients hospitalized, between January 2019 and August 2025. To be eligible, participants had to have at least one diagnosis of anemia, according to the International Classification of Diseases. A total of 56 deaths were reported, with an overall mortality rate of 1.1%, while the average length of stay was 9.22 days (95% CI: 8.93–9.51). Conclusion: Analysis of this population demonstrated a significantly higher mortality rate in patients with aplastic anemias and other anemias due to bone marrow failure compared to other hospitalized patients with anemia.