DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjmcr.2026.v14i03.053

Pages: 537-542

Introduction: Pediatric emergency services are the first point of contact between the public and the hospital; this reflects their easy access for all patients, whether for minor ailments or serious situations. Nowadays, emergency services face a very significant challenge, manifested by the workload and the quality of care. Implementing effective triage and improved patient referral is essential to optimizing the functioning of pediatric emergency departments and their impact on the overall quality of the healthcare system. However, any effective policy must be based on demonstrable results; hence the need for a more in-depth study of this service, to diagnose its various dysfunctions, and to analyze the most frequent illnesses in order to identify the needs of the population served. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted in the pediatric emergency department with 300 patients between June 1st and August 31st, 2025. The data collected mainly concern sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, reasons for consultation, clinical signs, and the outcome of patients admitted to the pediatric emergency department in order to identify priorities for care and prevention. Result: The characterization of the studied population by sex and age revealed a female predominance (52%) and an overrepresentation of preschool-aged children (22%). Regarding the final diagnosis, the most frequent pathologies affected the digestive system (20.9%), followed by the respiratory system (12% of cases), while (9.33%) represented admissions. Conclusion: The study of the epidemiological profile will allow us to better understand the typology of patients' pathologies, which will allow us to better define their needs and facilitate the chain of their care.