DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjmcr.2026.v14i04.007

Pages: 619-621

Calcified schistosomal ureteral polyps are a rare complication of urinary schistosomiasis (Schistosoma haematobium) that can mimic ureteral stones and lead to diagnostic errors. We report the case of a 72-year-old woman with a 15-year history of hypertension, admitted for acute obstructive pyelonephritis of the left kidney. Abdominal-pelvic CT revealed severe ureterohydronephrosis proximal to a hyperdense lumbar ureteral lesion (9 × 8 mm, 788 HU), initially interpreted as an impacted stone. Emergency JJ stent placement and antibiotic therapy led to clinical improvement. One month later, ureteroscopy revealed absence of calculi and the presence of calcified polyps along the lumbar ureter, calyces, and bladder, suggestive of urinary schistosomiasis. Biopsies confirmed the parasitic etiology, and treatment with praziquantel was initiated. This case highlights the importance of considering calcified ureteral polyps in endemic regions to avoid misdiagnosis and guide appropriate management.