DOI: https://doi.org/10.36347/sjet.2026.v14i09.002

Pages: 472-483

Background: The rising demand for electricity and increasing costs during peak hours require affordable and practical solutions to manage household energy consumption efficiently. Purpose: This study focuses on reducing electricity consumption and lowering utility bills during peak hours. The study developed a system that can detect daily peak and off-peak hours to control the zero-crossing points of the AC supply voltage. The intelligence of the developed device is an algorithm written for the Microcontroller Arduino Uno, which can prolong the zero voltage levels by sensing time. For this instance, a control parameter called “w” was created. We have discussed how SCR and opto-diac circuitry, also known as the control unit, can save energy by varying “w” from 1ms to 9ms. Methods & Results: The performance of the system was tested separately by using a 60W bulb, an AC fan, and a 1000W electric iron as loads, and it was found that the system can save up to 20% energy without bothering the consumers. Significance: The proposed low-cost solution is capable of controlling several equipment at a time, and the best part is that we don’t need to change the conventional non-smart home appliances. Thus, this unique work should be welcomed in a smart country.