DOI: 10.36347/sjmcr.2020.v08i12.015

Pages: 1045-1053

Introduction: Some physical and mental conditions can directly or indirectly influence the health of the oral cavity especially for traumatic injuries. In this review we decided to consider the presence of dental prostheses, mental illnesses and even gastroesophageal reflux in the development of traumatic lesions of the oral cavity. All these conditions are characterized by a greater risk of developing injuries. The aim is also to report a case of tongue erosion from gastro-esophageal reflux successfully treated with 808 nm diode laser. Materials and Methods: We investigated PubMed database using the keywords: “Oral manifestation of gastrointestinal disorders” “mental retardation and oral biting” and “denture wearers’ oral lesion”. Where possible, we included systematic review. Results: Several scientific papers, including systematic reviews, have highlighted the correlation between gastroesophageal reflux and oral lesions, such as dental erosion, erythema in various sites, glossitis and periodontitis. Mental retardation is involved in the development of self-injuries at the oral level, which may also evolve into serious lesions such as oral carcinoma. The most common denture-related oral lesions are fibrous hyperplasia, traumatic ulcers and denture stomatitis. Poor oral hygiene and inadequate fitting of the dentures appear to be risk factors for these injuries. Conclusion: It is important to evaluate the adequacy of dental prostheses in order to avoid traumatic mucosal injuries. It is also necessary to control gastric acidity to reduce the risk of developing lesions. For patients with mental disability, a close follow up and the use of intraoral devices is advisable. The use of diode laser could be a very safe and interesting tool for treatment of symptomatic oral mucosal lesions from GERD.