DOI: 10.36347/sjmcr.2021.v09i03.018

Pages: 261-264

Alveolar microlithiasis (AMP) is a rare genetic disease characterized by intra-alevolar phosphate and calcim deposition in the pulmonary parenchyma in a sparse bilateral manner with a predominance in the lower and middle regions. This disease results from a genetic dysfunction characterized by inactivating mutations in the SLC34A2 gene resulting in local intra-alveolar phosphate aggregation due to sodium-dependent phosphate co-transporter deficiency. Patients with this disease are usually seen in late stages with a chronic pulmonary heart and hypoxemia. High resolution chest CT scan with chest x-ray make it possible to diagnose this disease with a pathognomonic appearance in the form of diffuse calcified micronodules. Only lung transplantation has been shown to be effective as a treatment for the disease. We describe the case of a 58-year-old woman with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis treated in 1994 and siblings treated for undocumented pneumonia, referred to our department for a chest scan and presenting with NYHA stage III dyspnea and greenish sputum. Imaging was suggestive of extensive bilateral interstitial lung disease.