DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2021.v09i04.003

Pages: 512-516

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains asymptomatic in many patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) making its diagnosis challenging. There is high incidence of silent myocardial ischemia in diabetic patients. This study was carried out with the aim of determining the prevalence of asymptomatic CAD in diabetic patients using treadmill test and study the relationship between duration of T2DM, glycemic control and dyslipidemia with Treadmill Test (TMT) changes. Method: This observational study which included 75 patients was conducted at SAMC & PGI, Indore. All the patients above the age of 18 years who had been diagnosed with T2DM and were found to have no clinical, electrocardiographic or echocardiographic evidence of CAD were included in the study. Results: Fifty-seven (76%) of the patients were men and 18 (24%) were women with mean age of study population being 53.27 ± 9.22 years. Twenty patients were found to have positive TMT, most of them belonging to the age group of 48-57 years. The prevalence of asymptomatic CAD in diabetic patients was found to be 26.66% in our study. Asymptomatic CAD was significantly associated with the duration of diabetes, glycemic control and deranged lipid profile. Conclusion: T2DM is an important independent and modifiable risk factor for development of the CAD. TMT is a safe, reliable and non-invasive tool for the timely diagnosis of asymptomatic CAD in diabetic patients. A routine TMT screening for inducible ischemia should be performed in diabetic patients with longer duration of disease, deranged lipid profile and poor glycemic control. Early and aggressive screening of diabetic patients for the evidence of silent myocardial ischemia may prevent catastrophic cardiac events and decrease mortality.