DOI: 10.36347/sajb.2022.v10i03.003

Pages: 36-48

Background: Camels' urine has been utilized for therapeutic purposes and anecdotally hailed as a treatment for a variety of ailments for millennia. The purported medicinal effects of camel urine, on the other hand, have yet to be thoroughly investigated and it has not been verified whether it is free of bacteria dangerous to human health. The common practice of using camel urine as a therapeutic agent in the Taif region of Saudi Arabia may pose health risks. This study examines the distribution of urine microbiota in camels and effect of the type of nutrition on microbiota. Material and methods: Therefore, 80 camel urine samples were collected from 6 different stations in this region. Urine was collected from healthy male and female (pregnant ,mother ) camels aged 1–8 years .The camels were divided into two groups with a different natural feeding pattern G1:which grazes naturally on wild plants ( wild feeding)&G2: which grazes naturally on wild plants, fodder and barley(mixed feeding). The 16S rRNA gene of the bacteria will be sequenced to the identify of bacteria isolated from camel urine. Finding a relationship between the urine microbiota and the mode of nutrition by profiling the bacterial species in both groups. Results: 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that most of the isolates were Bacillus velezensis and Bacillus tropicus, constituting 42 % and 15 % of the samples, respectively. Surprisingly, these bacterial species have an antimicrobial effect. This may explain the role of camel urine as an antimicrobial. The comparative 16SrRNA Sequencing revealed significant differences in the urine microbiota between the two groups. This indicates the effect of the camel's diet on the microbiota of camel urine.