DOI: 10.36347/sasjm.2022.v08i11.005

Pages: 798-800

Primary thyroid leiomyosarcomas are rarely seen in the thyroid gland. Due to their rarity, clinical case studies concerning management are lacking. The objective of the study is to review the literature an aggressive rare mesenchymal malignant tumor which has high mortality. From the standpoint of treatment and prognosis, the histogenesis of thyroid ‘sarcomas’ is academic, because these tumors, irrespective of the therapeutic intervention, are lethal. In this study, we report the case of a 28 year old male affected by a rapidly enlarging mass of the anterior neck, associated with bilateral lung metastases, and increasing dysphagia and dyspnea during the previous 4 months. The prognosis is poor and there is no consensus regarding the treatment. A literature review was performed and thyroid leiomyosarcoma differential diagnoses, management, including alternative treatment strategies, and adjuvant therapy were analyzed. Although an improved multimodal approach is often necessary, TT and neck dissection represent the treatment of choice and are often the only possible therapy. Adjuvant radio-chemotherapy appears to be ineffective and a high mortality rate is observed.