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Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences | Volume-4 | Issue-01
Serum enzyme levels as biomarkers in malaria
Dr T. Anil Kumar, Dr B. Lakshmi Keerthana
Published: Jan. 30, 2016 |
170
120
DOI: 10.36347/sjams.2016.v04i01.017
Pages: 89-92
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Abstract
Malaria is one of the most serious diseases especially of the tropical world. Pathophysiological process
involves both centrilobular liver damage and red blood cells destruction. As a result, enzymes present in these cells are
released into circulation. The present study was undertaken to determine the diagnostic value of serum Lactate
Dehydrogenase (LDH), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alanine transaminase (ALT) -
Liver function biomarkers and LDH, Acid Phosphatase (ACP) - RBC function biomarkers, in patients with acute
uncomplicated malarial infection. The study group consisted of 130 subjects, of age groups 20-50 years and of both
sexes. Of these, 50 had vivax malaria, 30 had falciparum malaria and 50 were healthy individuals as controls. They were
confirmed to be positive for Plasmodium Vivax/ Falciparum parasite by microscopical examination of Giemsa stained
blood slides. Results showed that the serum levels of all enzymes are elevated in both vivax & falciparum malaria
patients when compared to controls. The increase in ACP, ALP, ALT, AST is statistically significant (p<0.05) while
increase in LDH is statistically highly significant (p<0.001) in vivax malarial patients. Also, the increase in ALP, ALT,
AST is statistically significant (p<0.05) while increase in ACP, LDH is statistically highly significant (p<0.001). Hence,
serum enzymes can be utilized extensively for both definitive and supportive diagnosis of Malaria in clinical scenario.