DOI: 10.36347/sajb.2018.v06i01.006

Pages: 36-39

Periodontal disease is a multifactorial disease with bacteria as the main etiology. Genes clearly play a role in the predisposition to and progression of periodontal diseases. . Blood groups may provide genetic conditions in the occurrence of periodontal diseases and environmental conditions in the improvement of the periodontal pathogens. This study was conducted to determine the association of the ABO blood groups to periodontal diseases to assess whether they could be the predictors of periodontal diseases. In this study a total of 300 patients inclusive of both male and female patients with an age group of 17years to 60 years were participated in the study. All participants were categorized into 3 groups, Group I- Healthy, Group II – Chronic Gingivitis and Group III - Chronic Periodontitis. Each group consisted of 100 subjects and ABO blood groups analysis was done in the 3 groups and also compared blood groups with parameters like plaque index, OHIS index, gingival index, probing depth and clinical attachment level. In this study results showed that the blood group “O” (37%) is more in study subjects followed by blood group “B” (36%) and “A” (22.3%) and the least prevalent was blood group “AB” (4.3%). The blood group B was more prevalent in Group-I (39%) and in Group-II (48%). The blood group “O” is more prevalent in Group-III (54%) respectively. Mean values of plaque index, OHIS index and gingival index in between the study groups I, II and III was found to be statistically significant. The present study indicates that prevalence and severity of chronic periodontitis is more in subject with O group and chronic gingivitis in subjects with B group.