Biodegradable polymeric particles that can gradually degrade inside the human body have been investigated as drug delivery carriers for different pharmaceutical agents. Particles that entrap pharmaceuticals can be applied in combination with stent technology, by releasing one or more anti-coagulant agents in a controllable manner, in order to inhibit thrombosis and minimize inflammation caused by the immune system of the patient. In this research work, the anti-platelet drug dipyridamole (DIP) was incorporated in poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) sub-micron particles, which were created using the Nano-precipitation method. The fabricated particles were loaded with different amounts of DIP in order to evaluate the effect of the drug’s concentration on their physical properties. The encapsulation efficiency of the particles and the drug’s release kinetics profile were investigated. The round-shaped sub-micron particles’ average diameter was around 150 nm. The ratio between the two co-polymers of PLGA did not critically affect the particles’ properties. The results highlight the fact that z-potential values of the particles in the dispersion decreased as the drug content increased while PEG created a surface coating that influenced release kinetics, which were primarily governed by Fickian diffusion. Taken together, the preliminary findings of this work demonstrate the versatility of the PLGA/PEG particles and therefore, their potential as promising drug delivery candidates.

The light/dark test is based on the aversion of rodents to brightly illuminated areas and on the spontaneous exploratory behaviour of rodents in response to mild stressors, that is, novel environment and light. The test apparatus consists of a small dark safe compartment (one third) and a large illuminated aversive compartment (two thirds). The light/dark test may be useful to predict anxiolytic-like or anxiogenic-like activity in mice. The aim of current study was to evaluate Methanolic extract of Aristolochia Indica. L (MeAI) for aits anxiolytic potential, for this purpose the light/dark box activity test used which is commonly used to assess anxiety-like behaviours and validate the pharmacological effects of neuroactive plant extracts and compounds. MeAI at 100 mg/kg i.p exhibited significant increase in time spent in light area with respect to control animals. Moreover the reduction in anxiety behaviour, also demonstrated by significant increase in number of entries in the light compartment relative to the dark compartment of the testing apparatus.

The preparations of various metal and polymeric nanoparticles were under scientific considerations these days to get the controllable geometry of prepared nanostructures with the ease of their smallest size at nanoscale. Many chemically modified nanoparticles such as nanosphere, nanodiscs, nanocubes, nanowires and nanorods are going to be fabricated with many biocompatible and nontoxic biomaterials (carbon nanotubes, chitosan, albumin and lipopolysaccharides and polysaccharides) or metals ions (gold, silver, iron and copper). These fabricated biomaterials and tagged metal ions were found to improve the oxidative etching effect in nanostructures (nanodiscs/nanocubes) that play very important role in manipulation of nanostructure geometry and their analysis. Bovine serum albumin was found to report a biocompatible, easy biodegradable and cost effective matrix for preparing the nanoparticles due to its well known exploitable characteristics e.g. biocompatibility, non-antigen city and non-toxicity. Hence, this study can provide an potential approach of green synthesis to control the shape of biocompatible bovine serum albumin nanodiscs/nanocubes by using jasmine oil as naturally occurring cheap and easily available emulsifier. Characterization of prepared bovine serum albumin was performed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to observe the prepared nanodiscs/nanocubes which had been going to be minimized to the expected size at nanoscale. So, this designed method can be proved a cost effective and green method to prepare non-toxic and biocompatible bovine serum albumin nanostructures to explore further their therapeutic applications being as nonviral gene or drug nanocages to carry out the site specific targeted delivery.

Magnesium is the fourth most abundant mineral in the body and an essential mineral in many cellular functions and metabolic processes. The link between diabetes mellitus and magnesium deficiency is known. Evidence suggests magnesium plays a vital role in reducing cardiovascular risks and is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Studies have shown that both mean plasma and intracellular free magnesium levels are lower in patients with diabetes than in the general population. Magnesium supplementation improves insulin sensitivity. This case-control study was done after getting Ethical clearance from the institution. It consisted of 20 cases of pre-diabetes and 20 ages matched healthy non diabetics as control group attending outpatient department of Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu. This study was undertaken to evaluate the serum magnesium level in patients with pre diabetes and compare it with age matched controls. After obtaining informed consent from the subjects, venous blood samples were collected by standard aseptic techniques. Serum was separated; Fasting blood sugar, post prandial blood sugar and magnesium level were estimated

Acute myocardial infarction is a serious disease in which a patient can survive or die depending on his or her attitude towards life, myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, is the irreversible necrosis of heart muscle secondary to prolonged ischemia. Morbidity and mortality from myocardial infarction are significantly reduced if patients and bystanders recognize symptoms early, activate the emergency medical service (EMS) system, and thereby shorten the time to definitive treatment. The goal of antithrombotic therapy (the combination of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy) is to prevent clot extension and clot reformation in cases where the clot has undergone fibrinolysis either by intrinsic mechanisms, fibrinolytic treatment, or mechanical means .This is a descriptive analytical case control study aimed to evaluate the effect of anticoagulants therapy( heparin and warfarin ) in D-dimer, PT, INR and PTT level among patients with acute myocardial infarction conducted in Sudan cardiac center hospital. Thirty patients after MI and twenty normal controls have been studied. Both male and female of different ages and different duration of disease from first day above to thirty day .The MI patients also include co-exist disease diabetes and hypertension, they received different Anticoagulants therapy. The results of PTT in patients in mean were (31.65 second) and the mean of PTT results in control were (32.71 seconds) demonstrated in table (2) the results of D-Dimer in patient in mean were ( 2264 ng/ml) and the mean of D-Dimer results in control (145.6ng/ml) demonstrated in table.