Original Research Article
Jan. 30, 2016
PLGA/PEG particles created by Nano-precipitation as drug delivery carriers for dipyridamole
Alexandros Repanas, Varvara Karagkiozaki, Stergios Logothetidis, Birgit Glasmacher
Sch Acad J Pharm | 1-5
DOI : 10.36347/sajp
Abstract
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Biodegradable polymeric particles that can gradually degrade inside the human body have been investigated as
drug delivery carriers for different pharmaceutical agents. Particles that entrap pharmaceuticals can be applied in
combination with stent technology, by releasing one or more anti-coagulant agents in a controllable manner, in order to
inhibit thrombosis and minimize inflammation caused by the immune system of the patient. In this research work, the
anti-platelet drug dipyridamole (DIP) was incorporated in poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and polyethylene glycol
(PEG) sub-micron particles, which were created using the Nano-precipitation method. The fabricated particles were
loaded with different amounts of DIP in order to evaluate the effect of the drug’s concentration on their physical
properties. The encapsulation efficiency of the particles and the drug’s release kinetics profile were investigated. The
round-shaped sub-micron particles’ average diameter was around 150 nm. The ratio between the two co-polymers of
PLGA did not critically affect the particles’ properties. The results highlight the fact that z-potential values of the
particles in the dispersion decreased as the drug content increased while PEG created a surface coating that influenced
release kinetics, which were primarily governed by Fickian diffusion. Taken together, the preliminary findings of this
work demonstrate the versatility of the PLGA/PEG particles and therefore, their potential as promising drug delivery
candidates.
Original Research Article
Jan. 30, 2016
Preclinical Evaluation of Anxiolytic Activity of Aristolochia Indica (Linn) Leaf Extract in Swiss Albino Mice
Ch. Pooja Reddy, Sk.Amreen Sultana, D.Eswar Tony, Rama Rao Nadendla
Sch Acad J Pharm | 6-8
DOI : 10.36347/sajp
Abstract
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The light/dark test is based on the aversion of rodents to brightly illuminated areas and on the spontaneous
exploratory behaviour of rodents in response to mild stressors, that is, novel environment and light. The test apparatus
consists of a small dark safe compartment (one third) and a large illuminated aversive compartment (two thirds). The
light/dark test may be useful to predict anxiolytic-like or anxiogenic-like activity in mice. The aim of current study was
to evaluate Methanolic extract of Aristolochia Indica. L (MeAI) for aits anxiolytic potential, for this purpose the
light/dark box activity test used which is commonly used to assess anxiety-like behaviours and validate the
pharmacological effects of neuroactive plant extracts and compounds. MeAI at 100 mg/kg i.p exhibited significant
increase in time spent in light area with respect to control animals. Moreover the reduction in anxiety behaviour, also
demonstrated by significant increase in number of entries in the light compartment relative to the dark compartment of
the testing apparatus.
Original Research Article
Jan. 30, 2016
Green Preparation of Jasmine Oil Mediated Bovine Serum Albumin Nanodiscs/nanocubes
Kirti Rani
Sch Acad J Pharm | 9-11
DOI : 10.36347/sajp
Abstract
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The preparations of various metal and polymeric nanoparticles were under scientific considerations these days
to get the controllable geometry of prepared nanostructures with the ease of their smallest size at nanoscale. Many
chemically modified nanoparticles such as nanosphere, nanodiscs, nanocubes, nanowires and nanorods are going to be
fabricated with many biocompatible and nontoxic biomaterials (carbon nanotubes, chitosan, albumin and
lipopolysaccharides and polysaccharides) or metals ions (gold, silver, iron and copper). These fabricated biomaterials and
tagged metal ions were found to improve the oxidative etching effect in nanostructures (nanodiscs/nanocubes) that play
very important role in manipulation of nanostructure geometry and their analysis. Bovine serum albumin was found to
report a biocompatible, easy biodegradable and cost effective matrix for preparing the nanoparticles due to its well
known exploitable characteristics e.g. biocompatibility, non-antigen city and non-toxicity. Hence, this study can provide
an potential approach of green synthesis to control the shape of biocompatible bovine serum albumin
nanodiscs/nanocubes by using jasmine oil as naturally occurring cheap and easily available emulsifier. Characterization
of prepared bovine serum albumin was performed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to observe the
prepared nanodiscs/nanocubes which had been going to be minimized to the expected size at nanoscale. So, this designed
method can be proved a cost effective and green method to prepare non-toxic and biocompatible bovine serum albumin
nanostructures to explore further their therapeutic applications being as nonviral gene or drug nanocages to carry out the
site specific targeted delivery.
Original Research Article
Jan. 30, 2016
Role of magnesium in pre diabetes
K. Sumathi, A. Mary Chandrika
Sch Acad J Pharm | 12-13
DOI : 10.36347/sajp
Abstract
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Magnesium is the fourth most abundant mineral in the body and an essential mineral in many cellular
functions and metabolic processes. The link between diabetes mellitus and magnesium deficiency is known. Evidence
suggests magnesium plays a vital role in reducing cardiovascular risks and is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes.
Studies have shown that both mean plasma and intracellular free magnesium levels are lower in patients with diabetes
than in the general population. Magnesium supplementation improves insulin sensitivity. This case-control study was
done after getting Ethical clearance from the institution. It consisted of 20 cases of pre-diabetes and 20 ages matched
healthy non diabetics as control group attending outpatient department of Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital,
Chennai, Tamil Nadu. This study was undertaken to evaluate the serum magnesium level in patients with pre diabetes
and compare it with age matched controls. After obtaining informed consent from the subjects, venous blood samples
were collected by standard aseptic techniques. Serum was separated; Fasting blood sugar, post prandial blood sugar and
magnesium level were estimated
Original Research Article
Jan. 30, 2016
Influence of anticoagulant therapy in assessment of Fibrinolysis activity in post acute myocardial infarction patients
Nada Mohammed Ahmed Ali, Fath Elrahman Mahdi Hassan Gameel, Mohieldin Elsayid, Asaad Mohammed Ahmed Abd Allah Babker
Sch Acad J Pharm | 14-19
DOI : 10.36347/sajp
Abstract
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Acute myocardial infarction is a serious disease in which a patient can survive or die depending on his or her
attitude towards life, myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, is the irreversible necrosis of heart
muscle secondary to prolonged ischemia. Morbidity and mortality from myocardial infarction are significantly reduced if
patients and bystanders recognize symptoms early, activate the emergency medical service (EMS) system, and thereby
shorten the time to definitive treatment. The goal of antithrombotic therapy (the combination of anticoagulant and
antiplatelet therapy) is to prevent clot extension and clot reformation in cases where the clot has undergone fibrinolysis
either by intrinsic mechanisms, fibrinolytic treatment, or mechanical means .This is a descriptive analytical case control
study aimed to evaluate the effect of anticoagulants therapy( heparin and warfarin ) in D-dimer, PT, INR and PTT level
among patients with acute myocardial infarction conducted in Sudan cardiac center hospital. Thirty patients after MI and
twenty normal controls have been studied. Both male and female of different ages and different duration of disease from
first day above to thirty day .The MI patients also include co-exist disease diabetes and hypertension, they received
different Anticoagulants therapy. The results of PTT in patients in mean were (31.65 second) and the mean of PTT
results in control were (32.71 seconds) demonstrated in table (2) the results of D-Dimer in patient in mean were ( 2264
ng/ml) and the mean of D-Dimer results in control (145.6ng/ml) demonstrated in table.