Original Research Article
Dec. 28, 2016
Antibacterial Activity of Commiphora molmol Extracts on Some Bacterial Species in Iraq
Dalya B. Hana, Haitham M. Kadhim, Ghaith A. Jasim, Qabas N. Latif
Sch Acad J Pharm | 406-412
DOI : 10.21276/sajp.2016.5.12.1
Abstract
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This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Commiphora molmol (Myrrh) extracts on the growth of
Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter
baumannii from Iraqi hospital isolates. The chloroform, methanol and water extracts of C. molmol were tested against the
five clinical microbial strains. Gel diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were used in this
study. Also Phytochemical analysis of most biological active extract was determined by general phytochemical screening
and GCMS, The findings indicated that C. molmol methanol and chloroform extracts had growth inhibitory effect against
tested bacteria. Methanolic extract of C. molmol exhibited the highest inhibitory effect on all tested microorganisms,
MIC of methanolic extract was 3.12mg/mL for each of E.coli, K.pneumoniae and P.aeruginosa, 12.5mg/mL for
A.baumannii and 6.25mg/mL for S.aureus. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of terpenoids, tannins,
alkaloids, saponins and flavonoids. GC MS investigation of C. molmol methanol extract showed the different peaks of
the different constitutes with highest intensity that recorded β-elemene (classified as sesquiterpenes) with retention time
10.82 and other sesquiterpenes constitutes showing that the resin is rich in sesqiuterpenes that possess the antibacterial
activity.
Original Research Article
Dec. 28, 2016
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Emergency Contraceptives Among Graduating Female Students of College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Eastern Ethiopia
Semira Busery, Mekonnen Sisay
Sch Acad J Pharm | 413-420
DOI : 10.21276/sajp.2016.5.12.2
Abstract
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Emergency contraception refers to a method that women can use to prevent pregnancy after unprotected
sexual intercourse, method failure or incorrect use. Unwanted pregnancy followed by unsafe abortion can be avoided by
using different contraceptive methods including emergency contraceptives (EC). The aim of this study was to assess the
knowledge, attitude and practice of emergency contraceptive use among graduating female students of College of Health
and Medical Sciences (CHMS), Haramaya University (HU). Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted
from Apr 1-Apr, 30, 2015. The calculated sample size of 130 was evenly stratified to each department graduating female
students. Simple random sampling was then employed to collect data from each stratum using self administered
questionnaire. One hundred twenty five (95.38%) have heard of EC. The common sources of information were teachers
in class 50 (40.32%), health institutions 45 (36.3%) and mass media 15 (12.09%). Coming to the attitude of the
respondents towards ECs, 78 (62.9%) agreed and 31(25.0%) strongly agreed that ECs prevent unwanted pregnancy after
unprotected sex .Fifty five (42.31%) agreed to use EC in the future. Regarding the actual practice, from 59 students who
had sexual intercourse, only 36(61%) used oral post coital pills. The awareness of the students towards ECs was found to
be appreciable. However, as health and medical science college students, the practice of EC was not as such promising.
Therefore, there is a need to educate students about utilization of EC, with emphasis on available methods and correct
timing of use. There should be promotion of EC to enhance their use and making them easily accessible in hospital,
pharmacies and student clinics.
Original Research Article
Dec. 28, 2016
Studies on the Amino Acid Composition and Antioxidant Activities of Collagen Polypeptides from Holothuria nobilis Selenka
Juanjuan Chen, Minjie Yao, Yanghua Yi
Sch Acad J Pharm | 421-424
DOI : 10.21276/sajp.2016.5.12.3
Abstract
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Studies on amino acid composition and antioxidant activities of collagen Polypeptides from the Holothuria
nobilis Selenka were carried out in this paper. Results revealed that collagen polypeptides mainly contains glycine(Gly),
alanine(Ala), glutamate (Glu), proline (Pro) and hydroxyproline (Hyp) with high medicinal values and good tasting. The
rate of delicious amino acid, pharmacodynamics amino acid and essential amino acid in the total collagen
polypeptide were accounted for 65.1%, 58.08% and 24.96% with IC50 value of 5.78 mg/ml, 4.20mg/ml and 0.27mg/ml in
the antioxidant free-radical tests, respectively.
Original Research Article
Dec. 28, 2016
Zinc Sulfate & Curcuma domestica are hepatoprotective agents against acute liver injury model induced by CCl4
Faruk H.Al-Jawad, Ahmed Haqi Ismael, Hasan A. Al- Jezani, Jinan A. Al- Hussaini
Sch Acad J Pharm | 425-429
DOI : 10.21276/sajp.2016.5.12.4
Abstract
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The present study was designed to determine the hepato protective activity of well known agents Zinc Sulfate
& aqueous extract of Curcuma domestica in experimental model of acute liver injury induced by carbon tetra chloride.
The normal levels of serum hepatic enzymes of AST, ALP, ALT and TSB&TSP, were determined in 28 healthy
domestic Rabbits allocated to four groups before CCL4 administration & at two occasions in 24, 120 hr after ALI
induction by CCL4 and treatment with one of the following ether Zinc Sulfate or the aqueous extract of curcoma
domestica for five successive days. Results revealed a significant reduction of AST, ALP, ALT, TSB, levels with a
significant elevation of the TSP level of both tested agents measured in 120 hr compared with the control & their levels
in 24 hr after inducation. Both tested agents Proved in having hepatoprotective activity when they were given orally in a
dose of 20 mg / kg for zinc sulfate and 1gm/kg for Curcuma domestica. The histopathlogical sections of the liver tissue
support the real action of both agents on ALI in Rabbits.