A kidney stone, also known as a renal calculus is a solid concretion or crystal aggregation formed in the kidneys from dietary minerals in the urine. Thlaspi Q is homeopathic medicine given for urolithiasis; however the mechanism of action remains unknown. The aim of the study was to determine the phytochemical constituents and invitro antiurolithiatic potential of Thlaspi mother tincture. Preliminary phytochemical screening was performed .Under invitro condition; kidney stone formation was studied using three assays such as nucleation, growth and aggregation. All the three assays were carried out using spectrometric methods .Nucleation rate were studied at 620nm by after mixingsodium oxalate and calcium chloride at 37ᵒC with stirring. The percentage inhibition of the mother tincture was determined on comparing with control. Similarly growth assay and aggregation assay would carry out by using calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals. And the result was compared with standard cystone tablets. Preliminary phytochemical test of Thalaspi Q indicated the presence of flavanoid, carbohydrate, saponins, protein, steroid, phenols etc.

The aim of the present study was to perform the microscopic evaluation of Lagerstroemia lanceolata Wall. Leaves Fresh L. lanceolata Wall. Leaf was studied macroscopically and microscopically. Preliminary phytochemical investigation of the plant specimen was done along with other WHO parameters for the standardization of drug. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of leaf and powder of the drug was done. The detailed microscopy revealed the presence of uniseriate unicellular covering trichomes, anomocytic stomata, calcium oxalate crystals, palisade cells, xylem vessels. The SEM revealed the nature of stomata, trichomes, epidermis, collenchyma and cuticle layer. The Physiochemical parameters such as ash values, loss on drying, extractive values, fluorescence powder analysis were also determined. The microscopic, SEM and physicochemical analysis of the L. lanceolata leaf is useful in standardization for quality, purity and sample identification.

Diabetes is a clinical syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia due to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin. Rhus aromatica is a deciduous shrub in the family Anacardiaceae native to Canada and the United states. The aim of the current study was to screen the Rhus aromatica mother tincture for its in vitro antidiabetic activity. One antidiabetic therapeutic approach is to reduce gastrointestinal glucose production and absorption through the inhibition of carbohydrate digesting enzymes such as α- amylase and α-glucosidase. Inhibition of amylase and glucosidase enzymes involved in digestion of carbohydrates can significantly decrease the post prandial increase of blood glucose after a mixed carbohydrate diet and therefore can be an important strategy in management of blood glucose. Free radicals are atoms or molecules that have at least an unpaired electron in their outer most shell or orbital,which are not contributing to molecular bonding and are capable of independent existence. Free radicals involving oxygen atoms are known as reactive oxygen species (ROS). In diabetic complication free radicals are generated, some of the most important ROS and RNS in vascular cells.

Acute liver injury is a serious state of severe extensive damage of liver tissue caused by various reasons. It is experimentally induced by CCl4 the hepatotoxic agent. Forty healthy rabbits were involved in the present study. They were allocated in five groups. Each group was given one of the following drugs: Cimetidine, Isosorbide dinitrate, Vitamin C & distilled water two hours before administration of CCl4, in addition to control group. The same doses of the tested drugs were continued for five days after CCl4 administration. The effect of drugs was evaluated at two occasions 24 and 120 hours after ALI induction on the basis of biochemical analysis of the liver function tests as well as histopathological examination to liver of treated animals. The study showed that all the tested drugs produced significant reduction in SALT, SALP, SAST & TSB with a significant elevation of TSP levels as compared with treated control group. The histological examination showed clear improvement in the sections of liver tissue that supports the effect of these drugs on the liver. All tested drugs proved to have hepatoprotective effect of varying degree on ALI model in the rabbits.

We report a case of neonatal fever can declare peradventure infection. In this case, severe sepsis manifested as pyrexia and eventually progressed to acute osteomyelitis. The presence of fever in the neonatal period demands urgent evaluation from health care providers since signs and symptoms of a serious bacterial infection in this age group can be non-specific. Current practice guidelines recommend that febrile neonates should be persumed to have serious bacterial infection and undergo a sepsis evaluation and hospitalization until the results of diagnostic testing are known. Keywords: pyrexia, sepsis, thrombocytopenia, acute osteomyelitis, neonate.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an organic compound with the chemical formula C15H16O2 and is made from phenol and acetone.It is a colorless solid that is soluble in organic solvents, but poorly soluble in water, having two phenol functional groups, it is used to make polycarbonate polymers and epoxy resins, along with other materials used to make plastics.Polycarbonate plasticis made by reacting BPA with phosgene. The mitochondrial toxicity was estimated by the assay of mitochondrial marker enzymes, by measuring the level of lipid peroxidation, GSH levels and levels of other antioxidant enzymes such as GPx, GR and SOD.Respiratory function of testicular mitochondria appears particularly susceptible to xenobiotic actions, which can contribute to a decrease in mitochondrially produced ATP and even to predispose cells to undergo mitochondria-mediated cell death. Our study showed that exposure to BPA induces significant oxidative stress in testicular mitochondria in mice and melatonin scavenges the free radicals. Human exposure to BPA is due to its widespread use, along with reproductive and developmental effects reported in animal study has generated considerable attention on this chemical in recent years.These aspects need further investigation in properly conducted studies with a wide dose range of BPA.

A new simple, sensitive, accurate and economical analytical method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of Benfotiamine and Metformin in pure and tablet dosage form by RP-HPLC. The method was performed with. Phenomenex Gemini C18 (4.6×250mm) 5μ with mobile phase containing TEA buffer (pH 4.0): Methanol in proportion 65:35 v/v respectively; at a flow rate of 1ml/min with a run time of 6 minutes; detection was done at 230 nm. The retention time of MET and BEN is found to be 3.643 and 2.121 respectively for the standard and for the sample the retention time was found to be 3.649and 2.142 respectively. The MET and BEN followed linearity in the concentration range of 20-100 µg/ml and 10-50 µg/ml with r2 = 0.99 respectively. The amount of the drugs estimated by proposed method was found to be in agreement with the label claim. The developed method was validated for precision, accuracy, sensitivity, robustness and ruggedness. The method precision for the determination of assay was below 2% RSD. The method is useful in the quality control of bulk and pharmaceutical formulations.

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