The number of endodontic procedures has increased steadily in the past decade with highly predictable results. Therefore, restoration of teeth after endodontic treatment is becoming an integral part of the restorative practice in dentistry. When restoring an endodontically treated tooth, the first step is to assess the level of predictability involved in the restoration. Proper restoration of ET teeth begins with a good understanding of their physical and biomechanical properties, anatomy, and a sound knowledge of the endodontic, periodontal, restorative and occlusal principles. A thorough understanding of posts is necessary to make the right selection, as there are so many choices available. Finally, the choice of core material and the final restoration are important in achieving long-term clinical success. This review summarises the indications, contraindications for different post and core materials, principles of canal preparation as well as advantages and disadvantages of custom and pre- fabricated post.

Aim: To clinically evaluate the efficacy of Probiotic as compare to fluoride mouthrinse on salivary streptococcus mutants in child orthodontic patients. Methods: Between Probiotic mouthrinse, and Fluoride mouthrinse, This is a 28 days observational comparative study which included 40 healthy children in age-group of 6-10 yrs. Results: The Probiotic and Fluoride groups compared with the control group at the end of 28 days, had less plaque accumulations (P < 0.001 and P< 0.001, respectively). Between the Probiotic, Chlorhexidine and Fluoride mouthrinse, there was no significant difference in the mean gingival inflammation on the 28th day, But mean Plaque Index (PI) was significantly decreased when compared with control group on the 28th day. Conclusion: Along with regular brushing to improve periodontal status during fixed orthodontic treatment, Probiotic mouth wash can be used as an adjunctive measure. As per as reducing plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation is concern, Probiotic mouth-rinse tested was effective among children in age-group of 6-10 yrs.

Mandibular parasymphysis fracture patients are largely managed by definitive surgical management and occasionally by conservative means. Oblique fractures management in the parasymphysis region is quite challenging with miniplate fixation as they are monocortical, and postoperative stability of fracture fragments is questionable, which warrants maxillomandibular fixation(MMF) postoperatively. Interfragmentary mobility plays an important role in bone healing, and MMF impedes early functional rehabilitation. Lag screws offer better stability and eliminate the need for MMF, but with some disadvantages like high compressive forces exerted by the head of the screw. Herbert screw, which is a headless screw, works on the lag principle which eliminates the disadvantage of the lag screw. We present an overview of Herbert Screw in the management of oblique fracture illustrated by a relevant case of trauma. A 28 year old male patient sustained injury in a road traffic accident reported to the Department of Maxillofacial surgery, diagnosed to have oblique mandibular parasymphysis fracture on clinical and radiological examination was successfully treated with. Herbert screw. Though it is a novel treatment technique, it requires methodical treatment planning and surgical proficiency.

Aim: The aim of this article is to present a case of multiple supernumerary teeth in the anterior maxillary segment in a non-syndromic child. Background: A supernumerary tooth is an additional tooth over and above the normal number found in the dentition. The prevalence of supernumerary teeth in Indian population is around 1.2%, with greater frequency in males which was 1.49% and in females the frequency was 0.85%. Case Description: A 6 yr old child came to our institute with his parents who were worried about the appearance of his upper front teeth. On examination it was seen that the child had sharp peg shaped central incisors. Radiographic examination revealed multiple supernumerary teeth in the anterior maxillary segment. The family’s medical history was non-contributory. These supernumerary teeth were obstructing the eruption pathway of the permanent incisors and therefore it was decided to extract them so as to allow normal eruption of permanent teeth. Summary: It is uncommon to find multiple supernumerary teeth in individuals with no other associated diseases or syndromes. This case report presents a case of a non-syndromic child with multiple supplemental supernumerary teeth in the maxillary anterior segment managed with surgical excision and fixed aesthetic rehabilitation. Clinical Significance: An early diagnosis is key to the successful management of these anomalies along with a good radiographic investigation and institution of a treatment plan for their early removal to prevent deleterious effects on the permanent dentition.