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    Scholars Journal of Engineering and Technology | Volume-6 | Issue-11
        A Comparison of (Geoid Undulation) Calculated from (GPS/Leveling) and (EGM08) Methods for Wasit Province in Iraq
        Ali Hashim, Mufid al-hadithi, Yasin Ali
        
            Published:  Nov. 30, 2018 | 
             228
             449
        
        
        Pages:  312-316
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        Abstract
        The aim of the present research is to calculate adjusted geoid undulation based on (GPS/leveling) method through observation of Iraq official vertical network using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technique.there are many ways to calculate geoid undulation such as (Bouguer and Free air Anomalies) which rely on ground gravity data and (GPS/leveling) method which is considered to be the most precise way to calculate geoid undulation. The accuracy of geoid was also estimated by comparing the (GPS/leveling) method with the geoid undulation (EGM08) model for the study area. The result of this research can assist a lot to enhance the accuracy of elevations obtained from (GNSS) and support the establishment of Local geoid.
    

