Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting joints manifesting as pain, stiffness, and synovitis leading to articular destruction. Current medical treatments do not consistently halt the long-term progression of this disease, and surgery may still be needed to restore mechanical function in large joint. Patients with rheumatic syndromes often seek alternative therapies, with homeopathy being one of the most frequent. So the necessity of this study gains more interest to prove the efficacy of alternative system of medicine. Objective of the present study is to carry out preliminary phytochemical screening followed by the evaluation of anti-arthritic potential of Ledum Pal mother tincture (LPMT) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cell lines. Phytochemical screening was done to find the presence of various primary and secondary metabolites of the plant. In-vitro anti-arthritic activity was evaluated by assessing the inhibitory property of LPMT on LPS stimulated cell lines using several assays like cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), inducable nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and estimation of cellular nitrite level, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity using diclofenac as standard. Phytochemical tests of LPMT indicated the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, carbohydrates, proteins, tannins, saponins, and glycosides. Macrophages produce COX-2, 5-LOX, iNOS, cellular nitrite and myeloperoxidase etc.

This study consisted on the impact of antimicrobial agents on Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates and their power to adhere to surface for biofilms formation. Sixty two E. coli isolated from patients urines were then used for standard antibiograms on Mueller Hinton (MH) agar associated with garlic juice antimicrobial activity. The attachment of three E. coli strains selected according to their susceptibility to antibiotics was experimentally performed on glass slides and the adhesion profiles were determined to assess their power of biofilm formation. As results, even though, the dominant types of resistance were respectively to amoxicillin, tetracycline, ampicillin and nalidixic acid in more than 80% of all the E. coli isolates, the highest sensitivity were observed with Gentamycin in 81% and imipenem in 97% of all the samples. In addition, the tests of adhesion revealed that, significantly (p <0.0001), the three E. coli attachment to surface increased with their resistance to antibiotics. However, none of them resisted the garlic juice as well as isogenic planctonic-growing bacteria as biofilm-ones.

The senna leaf contains a powerful natural laxative called anthraquinone. Despite this indication, the quality control of this raw material is not strict, compared to other substances with pharmacological properties, which is unacceptable. Therefore, the present investigation sought to evaluate physicochemical and microbiological quality aspects of the senna leaf tisanes from two brands commercialized in Costa Rica, through various assays established in the current Central American Technical Regulation (RTCA) 11.03.56.09. The aforementioned was made in order to identify and compare whether these aspects are constant or not for the different batches of the same product for each of the brands. For that reason, the following assays were done for three batches of two different brands: Labeling, minimum fill, organoleptic, foreign organic matter, identification, loss on drying, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, microbial enumerations and determination of specific microorganisms. The results show that the batches of both brands are in compliance for all the assays, except for the labeling assay (six of the 23 items required for primary and secondary packaging labeling were not found). For all of the above,

This Present research with dispersible tablet can compromise the efficacy and safety of thetreatment to children’s and geriatric patients with masking the bitter taste of drug and developing its dispersible tablet.The purpose of this research work was to develop Dispersible tablet of Ornidazole by masking the bitter taste. Tablet containing drug and excipients were prepared by direct compression method. Excipients in combinations were incorporated to achieve the aim. Effect of different combinations was studied to optimize the ideal formulation. Drug excipients interaction studies were carried out by FTIR spectral analysis. The tablets were evaluated for their hardness, wetting time, disintegrating time and dissolution parameters. It was concluded that the tablets having the combination of Dried Mucilage (obtained from dried seeds of ocimum bacilicum) and Sodium starch glycolate met all the evaluation parameters and thus selected as the optimized formulation. Optimized formulation was undergone for stability testing as a parameter to predict the shelf life as per ICH guidelines and proved for its adequate shelf life.

Hypertension is a major risk factor for stroke, myocardial infarction, vascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. The goal of antihypertensive therapy is to maintain blood pressures of < 140/90 mmHg for most people. All international guidelines for the management of hypertension recommend angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) as an initial or add-on antihypertensive therapy. The ARBs are very well tolerated as monotherapy as well as in combination with other anti-hypertensive medications that improve adherence to therapy and have become a mainstay in the treatment of stage 1 and 2 hypertension. The 8 available ARBs have variable clinical efficacy when used for control of hypertension. Assessment of the efficacy and safety of Telmisartan (80 mg once daily) versus valsartan (160 mg once daily) for the management of blood pressure (BP) in patients with essential hypertension. A cross sectional retrospective single center, parallel-group study. Patients will be recruited from Queen Alia Heart Institute. Data will be gathered by reviewing the medical records. Baseline characteristics were not significantly different between the two study groups. After 12 weeks, BP had fallen to a greater extent in the Telmisartan group compared to Valsartan group in terms of mean reductions in the systolic and diastolic BP of 126.2/80.4 (Adjusted change from baseline- 26.8/-20.9) and 133.3/ 86.8 mm Hg (Adjusted change from baseline--18 /-12.7) (p<0.0021). In Stage 2 hypertensive patients once daily Telmisartan 80 mg provides significantly greater BP lowering compared to Valsartan 160 mg

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder which affects the wide range of the population worldwide. Most of the pharmacotherapeutic agents available today might provide the symptomatic relief, but do not cure the disease completely. Further their limitations make the researcher look forward to the newer and the safer pharmacotherapeutic agents. Aim of the present work is to describe the role of the chalcones in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Information regarding the chalcones was collected from the various site such as PubMed, Google, google scholars and science direct. It has been concluded that the chalcones have the key potential due to their structural property that might exert the beneficial effects of diabetes and the associated pathological conditions.