Original Research Article
Aug. 3, 2021
Comparative Study between Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (FLIF) and Transforaminal Interbody Fusion (TLIF) in the Treatment of Spondylolisthesis
Dr. Md. Yousuf Ali, Dr. Md. Ali Faisal, Dr. Shahida Akter, Dr. Chowdhury Iqbal Mahmud, Prof. Dr. Md. Golam Rahman, Dr. Shah Md Samsul Hoque
Sch J App Med Sci | 1248-1251
DOI : 10.36347/sjams.2021.v09i08.001
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Objective: In this study our main goal is to compare the efficiency of posterior lumbar interbody fusion (FLIF) and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) in the treatment of spondylolisthesis. Method: This experimental observational type study was carried out at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and different private hospital in Dhaka from July, 2006 to December 2019. A total number of 340(PLIF=150, TLIF=190) patients underwent lumbar interbody fusion with pedicle screw fixation for the treatment of adult lumbar spondylolisthesis were taken as a study sample. Results: During the study, surgical outcomes between PLIF and TLIF where there were significant differences between the groups in relation to VAS for back pain. These variables were significantly higher in the TLIF group compared to the PLIF group. There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to VAS for leg pain at final follow-up. However prevalence of Nerve Root injury,Dural tearand blood loss is higher in FLIF groupe than TLIF group. Also, at the time of the last follow-up, both groups had similar slip reduction, and spinal fusion rates (P > .05). Conclusion: From our study we can say that, TLIF is superior to PLIF with respect to functional outcome and complication rate in grade I/II single-level lumbar spondylolisthesis.
Original Research Article
Aug. 3, 2021
Nursing Care in the Aging Process of the Elderly at the “Amawta Wuasi Samay” Residential Gerontological Center, Guaranda (Ecuador)
Norma Paredes-Sinche, Gladys Mite-Cárdenas, Morayma Remache-Agualongo, Favian Bayas-Morejón
Sch J App Med Sci | 1252-1255
DOI : 10.36347/sjams.2021.v09i08.002
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A gerontological center is a place where older adults are welcomed, and those citizens who are 65 years of age or older are considered as such. Ecuador this population group represented 7% of the total population and is increasing. Aims: The purpose of the research seeks to cooperate to improve the reality of the elderly and help their caregivers to be prepared to properly carry out their work, strengthening the physical and psychological well-being of the adult population of the Residential Gerontological Center "Amawta Wasi Samay". Subjects and Methods: A descriptive - applicative research, documentary and field through observation and surveys was applied. Results: It was obtained as results that 82.8% of older adults are totally independent, in fact, 72% can contain their basic needs. However, 51.72% of patients present with severe cognitive impairment (memory loss). It should also be noted that most of them are dependent drugs in 75.86%. In relation to the level of knowledge of the caregivers, they have an acceptable level of 74%. Likewise, is acceptable the proposal to incorporate a basic nursing care guide into the center, in which nutritional food diets stand out.
Original Research Article
Aug. 5, 2021
Study of Incidence of Wormian Bones in Eastern Haryana - A Prospective Observational Study
Dr. Manoj Somani, Dr. Sangram Singh Yadav, Dr. Sunil Kumar, Dr. Virkant Kumar
Sch J App Med Sci | 1256-1259
DOI : 10.36347/sjams.2021.v09i08.003
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Introduction: Wormian bones are the bones which found in the cranium having no regular relation to their normal ossification centres. They can be falsely observed as a fracture skull. The present study was conducted to evaluate the percentage of skulls where wormian bones were present, anatomical distribution of wormian bones, side specific distribution of wormian bones, and range of observed wormian bones. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Forensic Medicine in Government Medical College of Eastern Haryana over a period of one year from January 2019 to January 2020. A total number of 188 cases brought for post-mortem examination were studied. 135 male and 53 female dead bodies were studied. Location of wormian bones along the coronal, sagittal and lambdoid suture on ectocranial surface was noted. Results: The overall incidence of wormian bones was 29.78%. 41 wormian bones (21.8%) were observed in males and 15 (7.97%) in females. Wormian bones were most commonly located in lambdoid suture that is in 40 (21.28%) cases. Out of 40 wormian bones observed around lambdoid suture, 25 (62.5%) were found on left half of the skull and 6 (15%) were on right half of the skull. Conclusion: The knowledge of wormian bones may help the doctors in their daily practice in timely diagnosis and management of diseases or fractures in relation to the wormian bones. Knowledge of wormian bones is clinically important for forensic experts, neurosurgeons and radiologists because many a time’s wormian bones may be misinterpreted for fractures in head injuries.
Original Research Article
Aug. 5, 2021
Association of Hypertension with Anthropometric Parameters among Indian Male Adults
Harmeet Singh, Dr. Manila Jain
Sch J App Med Sci | 1260-1265
DOI : 10.36347/sjams.2021.v09i08.004
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Obesity is chronic disease characterized by BMI >30 and body fat percentage >20%. It is often associated with non-communicable diseases including cardiovascular diseases like hypertension. While the hypertension has been associated with obesity previously, present study aims to assess association of anthropometric parameters of obesity with hypertension including central obesity indicators and body fat percentage. Total 152 subjects were included for the study, 76 of them were of hypertensive and 76 were controls. All of the participants were subjected to evaluation of obesity parameters. BMI, Waist Hip Ratio, Body Fat Percentage and Ponderal index were found to significantly associated with hypertension. While BMI, Waist Hip ratio, body fat percentage and Ponderal index has the significant association with hypertension, central obesity indicators like waist hip ratio and body fat percentage using skinfold thickness measurement also show a significant association with hypertension with higher odds compared to BMI.
Original Research Article
Aug. 5, 2021
Forensic Autopsy Findings in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: A Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Rahman MAM, Jahan T, Afrif S
Sch J App Med Sci | 1266-1269
DOI : 10.36347/sjams.2021.v09i08.005
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Introduction: Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is the general diagnosis given when it is not possible to identify the cause of infant death, even after a complete forensic study and death site investigation. SIDS is a term that was first proposed in 1969 for a distinctive subgroup of unexpected infant deaths that occurred during the postneonatal period with relatively consistent clinical, epidemiological, and pathological features. SIDS remains a diagnosis of exclusion, according to the definition proposed in 1969. Although this syndrome has several distinctive features, including age distribution such as only affecting those younger than 1 year of age, and apparent occurrence during sleep, there has been reluctance to include these features in the definition. The aim of this study was to research the findings of SIDS in infants after a detailed forensic autopsy, and determine the importance of forensic autopsy. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study conducted at Emergency and the department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rajshhi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh during the period from January 2019 to December 2019 with a sample size of 75. Data were analyzed using statistical software SPSS. Study taken permission from the guardians of the infants. Result: Over half of the study population was male and 43% were female. 60% of the patients died at home. For 56% of the cases no information was available regarding their activity at the time of death. Of the available information, 26.67% died while sleeping, 14.67% were involved in other activities at home, and 2.66% were involved with some other form of activity. Post analysis showed that 48% were natural death. 38.67% of cases were still under study at the time of data collection. After a proper autopsy, 76% of the cases were ruled with SIDS as the cause of death. SIDS was determined as the cause of death in 57 out of 75 cases. 82.46% of the 57 cases had no available history. 8.77% had a history .....
Original Research Article
Aug. 6, 2021
Evaluation of Risk Factors Associated with Vitamin D Deficiency in a Tertiary Medical College Hospital of Bangladesh
Rocky Das Gupta, Suman Kundu, Sheikh Ul Alam, Mirza Nahiduzzaman, Shahadat Hossain Polash, Nafiza Afroz, Mst Nurjahan Begum, Manas Kanti Mazumder
Sch J App Med Sci | 1270-1273
DOI : 10.36347/sjams.2021.v09i08.006
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Objective: In this study our main goal is to evaluate the risk factors associated with vitamin D deficiency in Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out at Dhaka Medical College Hospital from January 2018 to Jun 2019. A total of 100 patients attending at OPD of various specialties with symptoms unrelated to gross vitamin D deficiency were included in the study. Results: During the study, majority of the cases were belonging to >24 years age group and 60% were female. 50% were service holder followed by 50% cases spent 3-6 hours in outdoor, 50% cases covered their body 60–80%.45% had vitamin D insufficient level and 33% had vitamin D deficiency level. Individuals who had a serum deficiency of 25-OHD had significantly lower calcium levels (9.25 ± 0.49, p ¼ 0.02), and those with insufficiency had significantly higher hemoglobin (14.3 [13.2e15.2] p < 0.001). There was a strong correlation found between gender; 0.03, educational level; 0.02 and number of hours spent outdoors; 0.01 with Vitamin D deficiencies. Conclusion: From our study we can say that, factors like, less outdoor activities, obesity or covering whole body, which could be responsible for more hypovitaminosis in case of female was not noticed. But it was very much clear that >24 years age group was the most vulnerable with highest level of hypovitaminosis-D. Some of these strategies include designing and implementing national programs for preventing and combating vitamin D deficiency, promoting healthy lifestyles and physical activity among the general public, as well as using vitamin supplements as a simple and cost-effective method.
Original Research Article
Aug. 9, 2021
The Affect of Salty Food Intake on the Risk of Helicobacter Pylori Infection among Patients Attending Benghazi Medical Center (A Retrospective Cohort Study)
Faiza Nouh, Mariam Omar, Salima Elfagi, Manal Younis, Ashmisa Eltuhami, Zakia Omar, Nora Mohamed, Aisha Saleh
Sch J App Med Sci | 1274-1282
DOI : 10.36347/sjams.2021.v09i08.007
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Human infection by Helicobacter pylori is a great public health hazard because they colonize the stomach of approximately half world’s population. The current work tries to detect and assess the association between salty foods and the prevalence of H. Pylori in Benghazi outpatients who attending Benghazi Medical Centre. It is retrospective cohort study on 293 patients in Benghazi Medical Center Gastroenterological Unit. The study includes all adult patients, a confirmed H. Pylori immunity test, a body weight records, and twenty four dietary recalls. Exclusion criteria; this work does not involve study of peptic ulcer and or any other gastric diseases. (69.7%) of the subjects prefer eating salty foods. (72.2%) of the subjects prefer pickled foods; and (83%) of the subjects prefer canning foods. Age, sex, body mass index, nutritional supplement intake were the variables associated with high salt intake among H. pylori patients. All patients in Benghazi Medical Center should be routinely screened for H. Pylori due to their health and financial consequences. Early nutritional intervention strategies including nutrition education should be implemented with an appropriate follow up.
Original Research Article
Aug. 10, 2021
Acute Scrotum in Pediatric: Clinical Presentation and Management in Royal Medical Services Hospitals
Gaith F. Khasawneh, Omar Yabrodi, Adnan Bawaneh, Raad Aldabobi, Salim Masadeh, Ahmad Al Raymoni, Mohammad Alsmady
Sch J App Med Sci | 1283-1287
DOI : 10.36347/sjams.2021.v09i08.008
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Objectives: Children with acute scrotum usually present with acute scrotal pain. To rule out testicular torsion with consequent ischemia, this complaint is considered a top emergency that should be treated quickly. The objective of this study was to assess the clinical presentation and treatment of the acute scrotum in pediatric surgery. Method: A prospective study, which included 107 patients, was conducted in Queen Rania Hospital, Jordan, in the period January 2016–April 2020. Patients above 14 years old and those under conservative treatment, such as IV antibiotics for epididymo-orchitis, were excluded. In addition to scrotal exploration, the diagnosis was made via Doppler ultrasonography (DUS). Results: The main results revealed that the causes of acute scrotum are testicular torsion (35.5%), epididymo-orchitis (20.5%), torted hydatid of Morgagni (28.9%), hematoma (4.6%), scrotal abscess (1.8%), and tumor (0.9%). The most common signs and symptoms were tenderness (86%), erythema (77.6%), and edema (71.9%). In patients with testicular torsion, the salvage rate was around 65.8% for surgeries performed in durations up to 48 h from symptom onset. Conclusion: Testicular torsion is the most significant diagnosis that leads to testicular loss.
Original Research Article
Aug. 18, 2021
Superficial Inferior Epigastric Artery (SIEA) Flap is the Armamentarium for the Coverage of Large Complex Wounds on Dorsum of Hand in a Regional Medical College Hospital
Md. Salek Bin Islam, Ahmed Asif Iqbal, Md. Qumruzzaman Parvez, Md. Ahsanuzzaman, Md. Noazesh Khan, Md. Joynal Abeden
Sch J App Med Sci | 1288-1294
DOI : 10.36347/sjams.2021.v09i08.009
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As hand is a functional part of the body, dorsal surface of digits, hand and wrist is prone to injury causing complex wound. Thin, mobile and supple skin of the dorsal wrist and hand make significant for hand functions and aesthetic. Aims of the study were feasibility of the flap in terms of survivability of Superficial Inferior Epigastric artery (SIEA) flap, complications of flap and measurement of functional & aesthetic outcomes to achieve the reconstruction goal in hugely burden regional medical college hospital. 11 SIEA flaps were done in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital from August 2019 to July 2021 on both hands among both male and female patients. Only 2 (18.18%) flaps were lost partially. Almost all the wounds were covered successfully with good functional and aesthetic outcome. So, SIEA flap is the one of the best workhorses for extensive dorsal complex wound in overburdened regional medical hospital in Bangladesh.
Original Research Article
Aug. 23, 2021
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Comparison between Spinal Anaesthesia and General Anaesthesia
Dr. Samiran Kumar Kundu, Dr. Md. A. Malek, Dr. Habibul Islam
Sch J App Med Sci | 1295-1300
DOI : 10.36347/sjams.2021.v09i08.010
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Introduction: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice for the surgical removal of diseased gall bladder. It is a negligibly invasive procedure with a considerably shorter hospital stay and an earlier recovery compared with the classical open cholecystectomy. Anesthetic agents offer an alternative to general anesthesia for short-duration surgical procedures, especially ambulatory surgeries. Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of spinal anaesthesia with that of general anaesthesia in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy operation in healthy patient. Methods: This comparative clinical study was conducted in the Department of Anesthesia, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh during the period from January 2020 to December 2020. A total of 60 patients aged between 18-65 years of both sex with ASA Grade status I and II undergoing elective laparoscopic Cholecystectomy were randomly selected for the study and the patients were divided into two groups; Group I(n=30) received general anaesthesia and Group II(n=30) received spinal anaesthesia. Intraoperative parameters, postoperative pain, complications, recovery and cost were compared between both groups. Statistical analysis of the results was obtained by using window-based computer software devised with Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS-22). Results: Majority patients were male and mean age was 36.67 in Group I, 34.58 in Group II. Mean Pulse Rate (MPR) of Group I was 86 in pre-operative, 98 before insufflation, and 114 after insufflation. Highest comparison of the mean pulse rate 115 belongs to Group I and lowest mean pulse rate 94 belong to Group II after insufflation. Lowest 122 systolic blood pressure (mean) in Group II and highest 135 systolic blood pressure (mean) in Group I also after insufflation. On the other hand, Perioperative comparison of SpO2 was lowest 95% and highest 98% of Group I and Group II respectively after 4 hours. ...................
Original Research Article
Aug. 23, 2021
A Comparative Study on the Heart Score with Emergency Department Assessment of Chest Pain Score (EDACS) in Prediction of MACE (Major Adverse Cardiac Events) Among Patients Presenting With Undifferentiated Chest Pain in North Indian Setting
Dr. MC Srivastava, Dr. Shriwastav Ashish Shrikrishana, Dr. Santosh Kumar Chaubey
Sch J App Med Sci | 1301-1305
DOI : 10.36347/sjams.2021.v09i08.011
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Objective: To compare the heart score with emergency department assessment of chest pain score (EDACS) in prediction of MACE (Major Adverse Cardiac Events) among patients presenting with undifferentiated chest pain in north Indian setting. Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Prasad Institute of Medical Sciences. Lucknow. The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Institute. The consent was taken from each participant before including in the study. All patients presenting to Emergency department with undifferentiated chest pain were included in the study. A total of 118 patients were included in the study. Results: About one third of patients were below 50 years of age (35.6%) followed by 61-70 (34.7%) and 50-60 (29.7%) years. The mean age of patients was 58.33±12.86 years. Majority of patients were males (71.2%). The incidence of MACE was 53.4%. Both HEART and EDACS score were significantly (p<0.01) higher among patients whom MACE was present than absent. HEART score>5 correctly predicted 39% MACE cases with sensitivity and specificity of 73% and 49.1% respectively. However, EDACS score>16 correctly predicted 40.7% MACE cases with sensitivity and specificity of 76.2% and 54.5% respectively. Conclusion: This study shows that HEART and EDACS scores have good sensitivity in predicting MACE at the emergency department. The HEART and EDACS scores for chest pain patients at the emergency department provides the clinician with a quick and reliable predictor of outcome shortly after arrival of the patient, without computer-required calculating. In patients with high HEART scores (7-10) the high risk of MACE may indicate more aggressive policies.
Autoimmune Hepatitis as Part of Multiple Autoimmune Syndrome: About A Rare Case
A. Jallouli, M. Michouar, A. Ait Errami, S. Oubaha, Z. Samlani, K. Krati
Sch J App Med Sci | 1306-1308
DOI : 10.36347/sjams.2021.v09i08.012
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Multiple autoimmune syndromes (MAS) is a rare entity defined by the presence in the same person of at least three different auto-immunes diseases. The association of autoimmune hepatitis with other autoimmune manifestations apart from primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) or primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is exceptional. It can be with any type of known localized or systemic autoimmune disease. We report through this observation the case of autoimmune hepatitis discovered as part of a multiple autoimmune syndrome made of vitiligo, autoimmune thyroiditis and type 1 diabetes.
Original Research Article
Aug. 26, 2021
Evaluation of Maxillofacial Trauma in Saudi Arabia using Computed Tomography
Amjad A.AlHarthi, Raghad S. AlNemari, Rehab T.Alhumayani, Rua A. Marzouq, Shahad AlFarwati, Shorooq AlEdreesi, Wed T.Qasem, Mona Elhaj
Sch J App Med Sci | 1309-1313
DOI : 10.36347/sjams.2021.v09i08.013
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Background: Trauma to the maxillofacial region can lead to severe complications such as sinuses obstruction, intracranial injuries, and vision loss. Computed tomography has a critical rule for early evaluation of the maxillofacial region. This study aimed to evaluate the findings that occur due to maxillofacial injuries using computed tomography (CT). Material and Method: A total of 200 facial CT patients were retrospectively examined, extending from January 2019 to January 2020. 140 slice CT systems (Siemens Medical system) were applied to investigate patients with maxillofacial trauma at three hospitals in Taif, Saudi Arabia. Results: Out of the 200 maxillofacial traumas, Maxilla fractures were found in 71 patients (35%), and Nasal fractures were found in 56 patients (28%). Various maxillofacial fractures were seen, including Frontal, Zygomatic, Ethmoidal, Mandible, Temporal, and Parietal and Orbital bone. The adults ranged from 20 to 39 years were more commonly affected; maxillofacial fractures were more prevalent in men. Conclusion: various maxillofacial fractures were identified during a facial CT scan, and approximately one-third were male. The maxilla bone was the most common site of the fracture, followed by the nasal bone. Therefore, CT is essential for the patient with maxillofacial trauma for early management to avoid any complications for the patient.
About A Case of Eosinophilic Colitis
M.Michouar, Y.Chait, M.Haida, A. Ait Errami, S.Oubaha, Z.Samlani, K.Krati
Sch J App Med Sci | 1314-1317
DOI : 10.36347/sjams.2021.v09i08.014
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Eosinophilic colitis (EC) is caused by the significant accumulation of eosinophilic polynuclear infiltrate in the colonic mucosa. It is a pathology in infants and children under 2 years of age, but is rarer and less studied in adults. The positive diagnosis is based on clinical, endoscopic, histological and biological arguments. Treatment involves the antigen avoidance diet against the responsible antigen and medical treatment. The clinical symptomatology for adults with eosinophilic colitis is variable and nonspecific. Diarrhea and abdominal pain are the most common signs. There is no histological consensus for the diagnosis. The presence of more than 40 eosinophils per field in at least two different colonic segments could be suggested as a diagnostic criterion. Also, there is no consensus on the treatment of eosinophilic colitis, but the potential efficacy of corticosteroids and budesonide has been demonstrated in the vast majority of cases studied.
Original Research Article
Aug. 1, 2021
Prediction of Sequence-Structure-Function Relationship for Homo sapiens Acrosomal Protein SP-10 Through In-Silico Approaches
Erumalla Venkatanagaraju
Sch J App Med Sci | 1318-1325
DOI : 10.36347/sjams.2021.v09i08.015
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The acrosomal SP-10 is a testis-specific protein that aids in the interaction between sperm and oocyte. The absence of SP-10 is believed to result in unsuccessful fertilization. The World Health Organization Taskforce on Contraceptive Vaccines declared SP-10 to be a potent primary vaccine candidate to raise an immune-contraceptive to overcome the challenges of current contraceptive methods. In the present work, I attempted to analyze the sequence-structure-function relationship of the Homo sapiens acrosomal protein SP-10 and respective animal homologs by adopting in-silico approaches. The human SP-10 protein was found to a stable protein with a molecular weight of 28 kDa. It is a hydrophilic and acidic protein with a pI of 4.73. The 3D structure of human SP-10 was established for the first time based on template-based modelling as the Protein Data Bank did not have structure for any of its homologs. The phi and psi residues angles of 96.4 % of the obtained structure landed in the most ideal regions of Ramachandran plot implicating a good quality structural model. The SP-10 showed high sequence conservation among all the animal homologs taken for the study. All the homologs of human SP-10 except for the Southern pig-tailed macaque possessed a conserved Ly-6/uPA receptor-like domain and a 12 amino acid pattern within the Ly-6/uPA receptor-like domain. The conserved amino acid pattern along with the whole protein sequence showed an antigenic property that can be used to develop the immuno-contraceptive against SP-10. The template-based model generated for SP-10 in this study can be utilized further for in-silico immunogenic studies in order to generate immune-contraceptive.
