The Wild edible plants form an important Constituent of traditional diets of the tribal Community .Most of the rural populations residing in different parts of the country depend on plants and their parts to fulfill their daily needs and have developed unique knowledge about their utilization. The Present study has been conducted to document the indigenous knowledge related to the diversity and uses of wild edible weeds in day- to- day life of tribals of Sahibganj District. A total of 51 different herbs, 7 shrubs, 26 trees and 41 Climbing herbs belonging to 48 families were recorded in the present investigation out. The diversity of wild edible plants in Sahibganj district was also found to be depleting due to their over exploitation and unsustainable harvesting for foods, medicines as well as because of various other biotic interferences including grazing, herbivory and anthropogenic fire. Therefore, there is an urgent need to conserve these valuable wild edible plants and use it in a sustainable manner to ensure future demand.

Skin disease is one of the most common diseases in tropical countries such as Indonesia, which might be caused by infection of pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Red algae Gracilaria sp. originated from Wediombo Beach, Yogyakarta, Indonesia has not been widely used for medicinal purpose, especially as an antimicrobial for skin diseases in human. Therefore, this research aimed to study about the potency of local Gracilaria sp. extract as an antibacterial against skin disease pathogen. Red algae extraction was carried out using maceration method in ethanol solvent. Identification of phytochemical groups was determined using basic biochemistry analysis and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), while active phytochemical compounds were identified using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS). Antibacterial tests were performed by minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) using MTT indicator and inhibition assay using paper disc method. Alkaloids and saponins were identified in phytochemical based on biochemical tests. Compound separation by TLC using chloroform and methanol solvents with a ratio of 90:10 resulted in seven color spots with ninhydrin spray and six color spots with anisaldehyde spray. The GC-MS results showed that there were 38 compounds identified in the crude extract, which 8 of these 38 compounds are known to have anti-bacterial activity. Anti-bacterial assay of Gracilaria sp. extract on concentration of 100% showed medium strength to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus and strong strength to inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Crude extract of local Gracilaria sp. is potential to be used as antimicrobials against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa common agents for skin disease.

Introduction: Post-partum hemorrhage (PPH) is an important cause of maternal mortality accounting for nearly 25% of maternal deaths worldwide. It is reported to occur in ~4-6% of all deliveries, and the risk is significantly greater with caesarean delivery than vaginal delivery. Oxytocin is universally accepted as drug of choice but carboprost has also been found to be effective in management of third stage of labour. Carboprost 250 microgram (μg) is associated with significant side effects; however its lesser dose may prove a better uterotonic with fewer side effects. Aims and objective: To evaluate the role and scope of using prophylactic intramuscular carboprost [125 μg] in comparison with intramuscular oxytocin [10 units] in prevention of PPH in caesarean section. Material and methods: 200 pregnant women admitted in labour room undergoing caesarean section were included in this study after taking informed consent and were randomly divided into group 1 and 2, where Group 1 received intramuscular carboprost 125 microgram and Group 2 received intramuscular oxytocin 10 units, within 1 min of delivery of baby. Comparative study was done in both the groups and assessment was done in terms of blood loss, incidence of PPH, additional requirement of drugs and side effects. Results and conclusion: Patients who received carboprost [125 μg] had lesser blood loss as compared to patients who received oxytocin. Mean blood loss was 405 ml and 560 ml in patients who received carboprost and oxytocin respectively. Also there was less need of additional uterotonics in patients who were given carboprost. Out of 50 patients receiving carboprost only 4 patients complained of vomiting and 8 complained of nausea.