Aim: The aim of the study is to know the incidence of parotid gland tumours with respect to age and sex, to study the various modes of clinical presentation of parotid tumours and to evaluate the various modes of surgery and outcome of surgical management of parotid gland tumours (both benign and malignant) at MRIMS, Hyderabad. Materials and methods: This study was conducted from July 2019 to July 2021 over a period of 2 years. 30 patients admitted in MRIMS with parotid gland neoplasm were included in this study. Inclusion criteria: All patients with parotid swelling due to parotid neoplasm were included. Exclusion criteria: All paediatric patients, patients with tumour like conditions and infectious causes of parotid gland were excluded. Results: The incidence of parotid tumours was highest in 3rd to 5th decade. Males were more affected than females. Majority of the tumours were benign in nature. All patients presented with swelling in parotid region (100%). Pain is always on account of malignant tumour. Pleomorphic adenoma was the commonest benign tumour. The treatment of choice of all benign tumours is superficial parotidectomy. All malignant tumours were subjected to post- operative radiotherapy. Commonest post-operative complication was facial nerve weakness.

Introduction: In the recent times, minimal access surgery for ventral hernias is becoming popular. However several issues like postoperative pain, recurrence, seroma formation arising due to the procedure are yet to be resolved. To find a solution to the above mentioned issues, closing the defect in the fascia laparoscopically along with reinforcement by mesh has been tried. About The Study: It was a prospective randomized study done at KEMPEGOWDA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES BENGALURU from October 2018 to March 2020. Aims and Objectives: To compare between intra peritoneal onlay mesh repair (IPOM) V/S intra peritoneal onlay mesh repair with closure of fascial defect (IPOM PLUS) for ventral abdominal wall hernias. To study: 1) Postoperative bulge (pseudo hernia). 2) Seroma formation. 3) Pain in the postoperative period. 4) Recurrence. 5) Early return to normal activity especially forward bending. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 40 patients. All of them underwent surgery on an elective basis...A pneumoperitoneum of 12-15mmhg was built up by inflating through veress needle at the palmer’s point. A camera port and two working ports were inserted .The sac of the hernia was excised after cutting the adhesions. The defect was closed from within with self sustaining continuous /interrupted non absorbable sutures. A composite mesh was oriented with transfascial sutures. Additional tackers applied if required. Patients are divided into two groups of 20 each namely the closure and the non closure groups respectively. Each patient was assessed for pain, seroma, forward bending and pseudo bulge on postop day 1,3 and day of discharge. Patient is called for follow up after, 1 month and 6 months. Conclusion: Patients who underwent IPOM PLUS had a decreased incidence of seroma formation, recurrence, postoperative bulge and a early return to normal activity when compared to those who underwent IPOM.

Background: In the treatment arena of oncology, there has been growing interests in developing the clinical prediction tools to estimate the risk and severity of patients with breast cancer having axillary nodal metastases. Clinical examination and ultrasonography (USG) for the assessment of axillary lymph node status in breast cancer patients is a traditional diagnostic method in detecting breast cancer and its status. But we have very limited research-based data regarding the effectiveness of clinical examination and USG for the assessment of axillary lymph node status in breast cancer patients. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of clinical examination and ultrasonography for the assessment of axillary lymph node status in breast cancer patients. Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted in the Department Surgery & Oncology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, BSMMU & NICRH Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2014 to December 2015. In total 100 patients of several age groups with breast cancer patients attended, diagnosed and treated in the mentioned hospital were selected as the study population. Proper clinical examination and ultrasonography for the assessment of axillary lymph node status were done for every participant. All data were processed, analyzed by MS Office and SPSS program as per need. Results: According to the validity test, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy and likelihood ratio (LR) of the clinical examination in assessment of auxiliary lymph node status in breast cancer patients were 53.7%, 85.0%, 93.5%, 31.5%, 60.0% and 3.58% respectively. As per the validity test, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy and likelihood ratio (LR) of the USG in assessment of auxiliary lymph node status in breast cancer patients were 73.8%, 85.0%, 95.2%, 44.7%, 76.0% and 4.91 respectively.