Woodfordia fruticosa is locally known as Dhawai, belonging to the Lythraceae family. Woodfordia fruticosa is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical India. It has wide range of medicinal and pharmacological application. It is commonly used in the treatment of various diseases like diarrhea, dysentery, fever, headache, hemorrhoids, herpes, internal hemorrhage, leucorrhoea, liver disorders, menorrhagia, ulcer and wounds etc. It has many pharmacological activities like antimicrobial, Hepatoprotective, cardio protective, antiulcer, Immunomodulatory, antifertility, Antitumor; Wound healing, Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, and Antibacterial, Anti-hyperglycemic. The present study was designed to evaluate the analgesic activity of Woodfordia fruticosa.

Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric illness of unsure aetiology, afflicting approximately 1% of the worldwide population. Schizophrenia generally appears between the age of 16 and 30; hence, it becomes a long-standing, chronic disease. Treatment choice are psychosocial and pharmacotherapeutical interventions. Our article represents the role and the need of pharmacists in the area of schizophrenic patient care. The recommendations are to widen the role of pharmacists and to implement it especially in the developing nations. Towards pharmaceutical care the pharmacists should have a vast knowledge in the area of drug therapy management and drug related problems. To initiate, there is a need of good association between pharmacist, psychiatrists and all other mental health care providers. Pharmacists should be kept updated with recent drug related information’s by attending regular education and training programmes. Thus, pharmacists can help the physicians, particularly, in the decision making situations. Hence, well trained and competent pharmacists can take an active role in the mental health care management team.

India is one of the richest floristic regions of the world and has been a source of plants and their products since antiquity and man uses them in different ways according to his needs, particularly as food or as medicine. Tamarix troupii is a popular medicinal plant has long been used in ayurvedic system of medicine. The plant has been found to exhibit diverse pharmacological activities. The present short communication presents the recent scientific update on this plant with therapeutic potential.

The search for antiepileptic compounds with more selective activity and lower toxicity remains an area of intensive investigation in medicinal chemistry. Hydrazone derivatives are significant because of their versatile biological actions. Hydrazone derivatives play an important role in development of various research activities such as anticonvulsant, vasodilator, antimycobacterial, antiviral, antitumoral, antimalarial, analgesic, antiinflammatory, antiplatelet, antidepressant, antimicrobial and antischistosomiasis activities. Numerous biochemical and pharmacological studies have confirmed that these molecules are effective as anticonvulsants. This review describes the Hydrazone derivatives possessing anticonvulsant activities

This study investigated the effects of feeding commercial oil of the Black cumin (seeds of Nigella sativa) on the levels of total cholesterol and the body weights in sheep. Twelve male cross breed sheep were divided individually into two groups on the basis of their weights. Each cage was supplied with fattening ration prepared as pellets at the rate of one kilogram per day. Barseem and water were supplied ad libitum throughout the day. The sheep were fed the commercial ration for two weeks as an adaptation period and then they were subjected to a feeding programme for 6 weeks as follows: In group I (control group) sheep’s received pellets. In group II (treated group) received pellets mixed with 4.7% (47 gram) of black cumin NS oil seeds. Black seed oil of N. sativa significantly increased serum cholesterol and the body weights at the end of experimental period (6 weeks) compared to time zero. The treated group showed significant elevation. Feeding of black seed oil to the diets of sheep resulted in significant elevation in Serum total cholesterol and the body weights.

The exocarp of the fruit extracts of Chrysophyllum albidum was extracted using hexane and ethyl acetate. This study was carried out to investigate the phytochemicals and to also test for antimicrobial activity. These extracts were tested against some gram-negative organisms (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia) and gram-positive organism (Staphylococcus aureus) using disc diffusion and micro broth dilution techniques with the disc concentration 60 µg/disc. The entire organisms were sensitive to ethyl acetate extract of the plate at 30 µg/disc concentration as follows; E. coli (9 mm), Klebsiella spp. (9 mm) and Staphylococcus spp. (11 mm). E.coli and Staphylococcus spp. were insensitive in the hexane extract and they were not inhibited. Except Klebsiella spp. that is sensitive at a disc concentration of 60 µg/disc with zone of inhibition diameter of 9mm.The result of phytochemical studies of both extracts show the presence of alkaloids, saponins, steroids, tannins and volatile oil but saponins and tannins are absent in the hexane extract.

Interaction between food and drugs have profound influence on the success of drug treatment and on the side effect profiles of many drugs. Caffeine is present in coffee, black tea, chocolate, some soft drinks and many over- thecounter medication. Caffeine is most popular psycho stimulant and is consumed worldwide. It is capable of interacting with dopaminergic receptor in the brain and influencing dopamine mediated neurobehavioral function. It is implicated in the exacerbation of anxiety, psychosis, and sleep disorder and people with eating disorders often misuse it. It antagonizes adenosine receptors, which may potentiate dopaminergic activity. In psychiatric in patients, caffeine has been found to increase anxiety, hostility and psychotic symptoms. High chronic doses of caffeine, theobromine or theophylline can lead to an exhaustion of the nervous system that may be the basis of subsequent psychosis. Prolonged heavy use of caffeine can cause chronic insomnia that may be the source of psychosis- like symptoms.

When a new solid dosage form is developed, it is very important to study drug release or dissolution. The quantitative analysis of values obtained in dissolution or release rates is easier when mathematical formulae are used to describe the process. The mathematical modeling helps to optimize the design of a therapeutic device to yield information on the efficacy of various release models. In this paper we review the different mathematical models used to determine the kinetics of drug release from drug delivery systems such as, zero order, first order, Hixson-Crowell, Higuchi, Weibull, Korsemeyer-Peppas, Hopfenberg, Baker-Lonsdale and Gompertz model.

The term hydrotropy refers to solubilization process whereby addition of another solute results in increase in aqueous solubility of poorly soluble drug. There was more than 50 fold enhancement in aqueous solubility of hydrochlorothiazide in 1M lignocaine hydrochloride solution as compared to its solubility in water. Various organic solvents like methanol, chloroform, ethanol, acetonitrile hexane and toluene are widely used to conduct the spectrophotometric analysis. But higher cost and toxicity prevents their frequent use. In the present study 1M lignocaine hydrochloride solution was employed for the spectrophotometric estimation of hydrochlorothiazide at 272 nm. The results of the analysis were validated statistically and by recovery studies & its follows Beer’s law in concentration range of 4-24 mcg/ml. The hydrotropic agent and excipients used in the manufacture of tablets did not interfere in the analysis. Statistical data proved the accuracy, reproducibility and precision of the proposed method. The percent label claims and percent recoveries estimated were close to 100 with low values of standard deviation, percent coefficient of variation and standard error.

In vitro studies were carried out to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Luffa acutangula against human neuronal glioblastoma cells (U343) and human lung cancer cells (A549). Screening of these extracts was done using the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, MTT assay and SRB assay. The results showed the significant decrease of the viability of the cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Luffa acutangula showed significant cytotoxic activity in both MTT and SRB assay. In brine shrimp lethality bioassay also aqueous extract showed more potent cytotoxicity as compared to ethanolic extract

Some novel Schiff base metal complexes of Cr(III), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) derived from 2,5- Thiophene dicarboxaldehyde-Thiosemicarbazone (TDATC) was synthesized by conventional as well as microwave methods. This compound was characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, Mass, molar conductance and magnetic susceptibility measurements analysis. Analytical data revealed that all the complexes habited 1:1 (metal: ligand) ratio with a coordination number of six. The IR data showed that the ligand coordinates with the metal ions in a hexa-dentate manner. The solid state electrical conductivity of the metal complexes was also measured. Solid state electrical conductivity studies reflected a semi-conducting nature of the complexes. The Schiff base and metal complexes displayed good activity against the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and the fungi Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. The antimicrobial results also indicated that the metal complexes displayed better antimicrobial activity as compared to the Schiff bases.

The main objective of this study was to develop a simple, efficient, specific, precise and accurate Stability indicating Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographic method for estimation of Mefloquine and Artesunate in tablet dosage form.The chromatographic separation can be done by using reverse phase C18 column; Inert sil ODS (250mm× 4.6mm ×5µm).The mobile phase used was mixture of Phosphate buffer (13.6gm of Potassium dihydrogen Phosphate in 1000ml of water;( pH 4.2) Methanol in the ratio of 40:60(v/v) at isocratic mode and detection of eluents can be done using PDA detector 210-400nm as the detector.The optimized method contains the retention times of Mefloquine and Artesunate at 2.734 and 3.630 respectively with theoretical plate count of 4731 and 7411.The method shows a good linearity in the concentration range of 400-1200µg/ml for Mefloquine and 200-600µg/ml for artesunate with regression co efficient of 0.999 and 1.0 for Mefloquine and Artesunate. The % assay of Mefloquine and Artesunate were 99.10% and 99.70%.The LOD and LOQ were 2.895 and 9.650 µg/ml for Mefloquine and 2.7119 and 9.0395 µg/ml for Artesunate respectively. The % of recoveries of both drugs100%.The proposed stability indicating method was accurate, precise, robust, stable and specific. The developed method was validated in accordance with ICH guidelines and hence can be successfully applied to the stability indicating estimation of Mefloquine and Artesunate in tablet formulation.