Background: Lumbar intervertebral disc herniation is a common health problem in our country. Majority of the surgeries of the spine are done due to disc herniation in Bangladesh. Discectomy can be limited to partial discectomy where only extruded and sequestrated portion is removed, subtotal discectomy where the whole of nucleus pulpous is removed and total discectomy where the entire intervertebral disc of the affected level is removed. Aim of the study: To find out the effectiveness and functional outcome of fenestration and discectomy by mini-incision for the prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc in our context. Material & Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation (NITOR), Dhaka, Bangladesh during July 2015 to June 2017. A total of 31 patients with prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc were included for the study according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The mean age was 35.98 ± 8.50 years with the range from 17 to 50 years. In this study, the most common muscle weakness in EHL. Out of 31 patients, 22 (70.96 %) patients were in this group. 08 (25.80%) cases had weakness in FHL and another group 01 (3.22%) had both muscle weakness. Out of 31 patients, 30 (96.78%) patients had preoperative sensory deficit and 03 (09.67%) patients had postoperative sensory deficit, which is statistically significant. In preoperative period, moderate pain in 27 (83.87%) patients, severe pain in 04 (12.90%) patients. In postoperative period had no pain in 22 (70.96%) patients, mild pain was noted in 08 (25.08%) patients, moderate pain in 01 (03.22%) patient. 20 (64.51%) patients had para spinal muscle spasm in the preoperative period, whereas no patient had any spasm in 3 months postoperatively. The success rate was 100% and the result was statistically significant. In this present series, functional outcome was assessed according to Macnab criteria. 08 (25.80%) cases were excellent, ...

Introduction: Illicit drug addiction and comorbid psychiatric disorders are among the most complex patient groups in the emergency department. In this study, to share the results of patients who admitted to our emergency department after illicit drug abuse and accepted hospitalization and treatment in the rehabilitation clinic. Methods: The study was planned retrospectively and in two centers. The medical records of patients who were admitted to the emergency department between 1th of January 2015 and 31th of December 2019 and subsequently received addiction treatment in our rehabilitation clinic were examined. Among the patients included in the study, the data of the patients with positive results in the urine drug and alcohol screening were analyzed and the study was completed. Results: In our study, the mean age was 32.09 y. It was observed that 12.5% of the cases had a psychiatric disorder. The most frequently detected illicit drugs are amphetamine and cannabis. The average length of stay was 11.57 days. The average number of admissions to the emergency department was 5.81 ± 3.03. The most common symptoms at admission were injury 114 and muscle pain 94. Conclusion: Especially low socioeconomic level increases susceptibility to illicit drug abuse. In addition, individuals with psychiatric problems also tend to use illicit drugs. With illicit drug abuse, the possibility of being involved in judicial cases also increases. It is appropriate to follow up patients who apply to the emergency department by rehabilitation units for their long-term treatment.

Introduction: In patients with endocrine diseases a high prevalence of mood disorders in general and particularly of major depression (MD) has been commonly found. Specifically, regarding thyroid diseases, the prevalence of depressive symptoms in hypothyroidism is near to 50%. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was conducted to determine the status of depression in patients with hypothyroidism attending in a tertiary level hospital. Materials & Methodology: This Cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Out Patient Department (OPD), Medicine Department in Dhaka Medical College Hospital, and Dhaka, Bangladesh from 4 months September to December, 2012. Due to time and resource constraint only 90 sample were collected. Analysis was performed by using a computer based statistical program SPSS-16 and MS-Excel 2016. Result: Among the respondents the highest frequency 27.8% was in the age group up to 25 years. This was followed by 23.3% who were in the age group 26-30 years, 21.1% were up to 31-35 years of age 17.8% were in 36-40 years, while 10% were above the age of 40 years (Mean 30.976.62 years). Majority of the respondents 84.4% were under treatment within 5 years and the rest 15.6 % were taking treatment over 5 years.64.4% of the respondents were under control, 20% were deteriorated and 15.6% were same as before. Among the respondents, 51.1% had no depression, 11.1% had mild depression, 35.6% had moderate depression and 2.2% had severe depression. Conclusion: The current study reveals that there is a significant association between development of depression and hypothyroidism. During the treatment of hypothyroidism, the depressive illness among the patient should be given emphasis and further study with larger sample size is recommended.